CephCluster CRD

Rook allows creation and customization of storage clusters through the custom resource definitions (CRDs). There are primarily four different modes in which to create your cluster.

1. Host Storage Cluster: Consume storage from host paths and raw devices
2. PVC Storage Cluster: Dynamically provision storage underneath Rook by specifying the storage class Rook should use to consume storage (via PVCs)
3. Stretched Storage Cluster: Distribute Ceph mons across three zones, while storage (OSDs) is only configured in two zones
4. External Ceph Cluster: Connect your K8s applications to an external Ceph cluster

See the separate topics for a description and examples of each of these scenarios.

Settings¶

Settings can be specified at the global level to apply to the cluster as a whole, while other settings can be specified at more fine-grained levels. If any setting is unspecified, a suitable default will be used automatically.

Cluster metadata¶

• name: The name that will be used internally for the Ceph cluster. Most commonly the name is the same as the namespace since multiple clusters are not supported in the same namespace.
• namespace: The Kubernetes namespace that will be created for the Rook cluster. The services, pods, and other resources created by the operator will be added to this namespace. The common scenario is to create a single Rook cluster. If multiple clusters are created, they must not have conflicting devices or host paths.

Cluster Settings¶

• external:
  • enable: if true, the cluster will not be managed by Rook but via an external entity. This mode is intended to connect to an existing cluster. In this case, Rook will only consume the external cluster. However, Rook will be able to deploy various daemons in Kubernetes such as object gateways, mds and nfs if an image is provided and will refuse otherwise. If this setting is enabled all the other options will be ignored except cephVersion.image and dataDirHostPath. See external cluster configuration. If cephVersion.image is left blank, Rook will refuse the creation of extra CRs like object, file and nfs.
• cephVersion: The version information for launching the ceph daemons.
  • image: The image used for running the ceph daemons. For example, quay.io/ceph/ceph:v16.2.11 or v17.2.6. For more details read the container images section. For the latest ceph images, see the Ceph DockerHub. To ensure a consistent version of the image is running across all nodes in the cluster, it is recommended to use a very specific image version. Tags also exist that would give the latest version, but they are only recommended for test environments. For example, the tag v17 will be updated each time a new Quincy build is released. Using the v17 tag is not recommended in production because it may lead to inconsistent versions of the image running across different nodes in the cluster.
  • allowUnsupported: If true, allow an unsupported major version of the Ceph release. Currently pacific, quincy, and reef are supported. Future versions such as squid (v19) would require this to be set to true. Should be set to false in production. imagePullPolicy: The image pull policy for the ceph daemon pods. Possible values are Always, IfNotPresent, and Never. The default is IfNotPresent.
• dataDirHostPath: The path on the host (hostPath) where config and data should be stored for each of the services. If the directory does not exist, it will be created. Because this directory persists on the host, it will remain after pods are deleted. Following paths and any of their subpaths must not be used: /etc/ceph, /rook or /var/log/ceph.
  • WARNING: For test scenarios, if you delete a cluster and start a new cluster on the same hosts, the path used by dataDirHostPath must be deleted. Otherwise, stale keys and other config will remain from the previous cluster and the new mons will fail to start. If this value is empty, each pod will get an ephemeral directory to store their config files that is tied to the lifetime of the pod running on that node. More details can be found in the Kubernetes empty dir docs.
• skipUpgradeChecks: if set to true Rook won't perform any upgrade checks on Ceph daemons during an upgrade. Use this at YOUR OWN RISK, only if you know what you're doing. To understand Rook's upgrade process of Ceph, read the upgrade doc.
• continueUpgradeAfterChecksEvenIfNotHealthy: if set to true Rook will continue the OSD daemon upgrade process even if the PGs are not clean, or continue with the MDS upgrade even the file system is not healthy.
• dashboard: Settings for the Ceph dashboard. To view the dashboard in your browser see the dashboard guide.
  • enabled: Whether to enable the dashboard to view cluster status
  • urlPrefix: Allows to serve the dashboard under a subpath (useful when you are accessing the dashboard via a reverse proxy)
  • port: Allows to change the default port where the dashboard is served
  • ssl: Whether to serve the dashboard via SSL, ignored on Ceph versions older than 13.2.2
• monitoring: Settings for monitoring Ceph using Prometheus. To enable monitoring on your cluster see the monitoring guide.
  • enabled: Whether to enable the prometheus service monitor for an internal cluster. For an external cluster, whether to create an endpoint port for the metrics. Default is false.
  • metricsDisabled: Whether to disable the metrics reported by Ceph. If false, the prometheus mgr module and Ceph exporter are enabled. If true, the prometheus mgr module and Ceph exporter are both disabled. Default is false.
  • externalMgrEndpoints: external cluster manager endpoints
  • externalMgrPrometheusPort: external prometheus manager module port. See external cluster configuration for more details.
  • port: The internal prometheus manager module port where the prometheus mgr module listens. The port may need to be configured when host networking is enabled.
  • interval: The interval for the prometheus module to to scrape targets.
• network: For the network settings for the cluster, refer to the network configuration settings
• mon: contains mon related options mon settings For more details on the mons and when to choose a number other than 3, see the mon health doc.
• mgr: manager top level section
  • count: set number of ceph managers between 1 to 2. The default value is 2. If there are two managers, it is important for all mgr services point to the active mgr and not the standby mgr. Rook automatically updates the label mgr_role on the mgr pods to be either active or standby. Therefore, services need just to add the label mgr_role=active to their selector to point to the active mgr. This applies to all services that rely on the ceph mgr such as the dashboard or the prometheus metrics collector.
  • modules: is the list of Ceph manager modules to enable
• crashCollector: The settings for crash collector daemon(s).
  • disable: is set to true, the crash collector will not run on any node where a Ceph daemon runs
  • daysToRetain: specifies the number of days to keep crash entries in the Ceph cluster. By default the entries are kept indefinitely.
• logCollector: The settings for log collector daemon.
  • enabled: if set to true, the log collector will run as a side-car next to each Ceph daemon. The Ceph configuration option log_to_file will be turned on, meaning Ceph daemons will log on files in addition to still logging to container's stdout. These logs will be rotated. In case a daemon terminates with a segfault, the coredump files will be commonly be generated in /var/lib/systemd/coredump directory on the host, depending on the underlying OS location. (default: true)
  • periodicity: how often to rotate daemon's log. (default: 24h). Specified with a time suffix which may be h for hours or d for days. Rotating too often will slightly impact the daemon's performance since the signal briefly interrupts the program.
• annotations: annotations configuration settings
• labels: labels configuration settings
• placement: placement configuration settings
• resources: resources configuration settings
• priorityClassNames: priority class names configuration settings
• storage: Storage selection and configuration that will be used across the cluster. Note that these settings can be overridden for specific nodes.
  • useAllNodes: true or false, indicating if all nodes in the cluster should be used for storage according to the cluster level storage selection and configuration values. If individual nodes are specified under the nodes field, then useAllNodes must be set to false.
  • nodes: Names of individual nodes in the cluster that should have their storage included in accordance with either the cluster level configuration specified above or any node specific overrides described in the next section below. useAllNodes must be set to false to use specific nodes and their config. See node settings below.
  • config: Config settings applied to all OSDs on the node unless overridden by devices. See the config settings below.
  • storage selection settings
  • Storage Class Device Sets
  • onlyApplyOSDPlacement: Whether the placement specific for OSDs is merged with the all placement. If false, the OSD placement will be merged with the all placement. If true, the OSD placement will be applied and the all placement will be ignored. The placement for OSDs is computed from several different places depending on the type of OSD:
    • For non-PVCs: placement.all and placement.osd
    • For PVCs: placement.all and inside the storageClassDeviceSets from the placement or preparePlacement
  • flappingRestartIntervalHours: Defines the time for which an OSD pod will sleep before restarting, if it stopped due to flapping. Flapping occurs where OSDs are marked down by Ceph more than 5 times in 600 seconds. The OSDs will stay down when flapping since they likely have a bad disk or other issue that needs investigation. If the issue with the OSD is fixed manually, the OSD pod can be manually restarted. The sleep is disabled if this interval is set to 0.
• disruptionManagement: The section for configuring management of daemon disruptions
  • managePodBudgets: if true, the operator will create and manage PodDisruptionBudgets for OSD, Mon, RGW, and MDS daemons. OSD PDBs are managed dynamically via the strategy outlined in the design. The operator will block eviction of OSDs by default and unblock them safely when drains are detected.
  • osdMaintenanceTimeout: is a duration in minutes that determines how long an entire failureDomain like region/zone/host will be held in noout (in addition to the default DOWN/OUT interval) when it is draining. The default value is 30 minutes.
  • pgHealthCheckTimeout: A duration in minutes that the operator will wait for the placement groups to become healthy (see pgHealthyRegex) after a drain was completed and OSDs came back up. Operator will continue with the next drain if the timeout exceeds. No values or 0 means that the operator will wait until the placement groups are healthy before unblocking the next drain.
  • pgHealthyRegex: The regular expression that is used to determine which PG states should be considered healthy. The default is ^(active\+clean|active\+clean\+scrubbing|active\+clean\+scrubbing\+deep)$.
• removeOSDsIfOutAndSafeToRemove: If true the operator will remove the OSDs that are down and whose data has been restored to other OSDs. In Ceph terms, the OSDs are out and safe-to-destroy when they are removed.
• cleanupPolicy: cleanup policy settings
• security: security page for key management configuration

Ceph container images¶

Official releases of Ceph Container images are available from Docker Hub.

These are general purpose Ceph container with all necessary daemons and dependencies installed.

A specific will contain a specific release of Ceph as well as security fixes from the Operating System.

Mon Settings¶

• count: Set the number of mons to be started. The number must be between 1 and 9. The recommended value is most commonly 3. For highest availability, an odd number of mons should be specified. For higher durability in case of mon loss, an even number can be specified although availability may be lower. To maintain quorum a majority of mons must be up. For example, if there are three mons, two must be up. If there are four mons, three must be up. If there are two mons, both must be up. If quorum is lost, see the disaster recovery guide to restore quorum from a single mon.
• allowMultiplePerNode: Whether to allow the placement of multiple mons on a single node. Default is false for production. Should only be set to true in test environments.
• volumeClaimTemplate: A PersistentVolumeSpec used by Rook to create PVCs for monitor storage. This field is optional, and when not provided, HostPath volume mounts are used. The current set of fields from template that are used are storageClassName and the storage resource request and limit. The default storage size request for new PVCs is 10Gi. Ensure that associated storage class is configured to use volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer. This setting only applies to new monitors that are created when the requested number of monitors increases, or when a monitor fails and is recreated. An example CRD configuration is provided below.
• failureDomainLabel: The label that is expected on each node where the mons are expected to be deployed. The labels must be found in the list of well-known topology labels.
• zones: The failure domain names where the Mons are expected to be deployed. There must be at least three zones specified in the list. Each zone can be backed by a different storage class by specifying the volumeClaimTemplate.
• name: The name of the zone, which is the value of the domain label.

• volumeClaimTemplate: A PersistentVolumeSpec used by Rook to create PVCs for monitor storage. This field is optional, and when not provided, HostPath volume mounts are used. The current set of fields from template that are used are storageClassName and the storage resource request and limit. The default storage size request for new PVCs is 10Gi. Ensure that associated storage class is configured to use volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer. This setting only applies to new monitors that are created when the requested number of monitors increases, or when a monitor fails and is recreated. An example CRD configuration is provided below.

• stretchCluster: The stretch cluster settings that define the zones (or other failure domain labels) across which to configure the cluster.

  • failureDomainLabel: The label that is expected on each node where the cluster is expected to be deployed. The labels must be found in the list of well-known topology labels.
  • subFailureDomain: With a zone, the data replicas must be spread across OSDs in the subFailureDomain. The default is host.
  • zones: The failure domain names where the Mons and OSDs are expected to be deployed. There must be three zones specified in the list. This element is always named zone even if a non-default failureDomainLabel is specified. The elements have two values:
    • name: The name of the zone, which is the value of the domain label.
    • arbiter: Whether the zone is expected to be the arbiter zone which only runs a single mon. Exactly one zone must be labeled true.
    • volumeClaimTemplate: A PersistentVolumeSpec used by Rook to create PVCs for monitor storage. This field is optional, and when not provided, HostPath volume mounts are used. The current set of fields from template that are used are storageClassName and the storage resource request and limit. The default storage size request for new PVCs is 10Gi. Ensure that associated storage class is configured to use volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer. This setting only applies to new monitors that are created when the requested number of monitors increases, or when a monitor fails and is recreated. An example CRD configuration is provided below. The two zones that are not the arbiter zone are expected to have OSDs deployed.

If these settings are changed in the CRD the operator will update the number of mons during a periodic check of the mon health, which by default is every 45 seconds.

To change the defaults that the operator uses to determine the mon health and whether to failover a mon, refer to the health settings. The intervals should be small enough that you have confidence the mons will maintain quorum, while also being long enough to ignore network blips where mons are failed over too often.

Mgr Settings¶

You can use the cluster CR to enable or disable any manager module. This can be configured like so:

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mgr:
  modules:
  - name: <name of the module>
    enabled: true

Some modules will have special configuration to ensure the module is fully functional after being enabled. Specifically:

• pg_autoscaler: Rook will configure all new pools with PG autoscaling by setting: osd_pool_default_pg_autoscale_mode = on

Network Configuration Settings¶

If not specified, the default SDN will be used. Configure the network that will be enabled for the cluster and services.

• provider: Specifies the network provider that will be used to connect the network interface. You can choose between host, and multus.
• selectors: Used for multus provider only. Select NetworkAttachmentDefinitions to use for Ceph networks.
• public: Select the NetworkAttachmentDefinition to use for the public network.
• cluster: Select the NetworkAttachmentDefinition to use for the cluster network.
• addressRanges: Used for host or multus providers only. Allows overriding the address ranges (CIDRs) that Ceph will listen on.
• public: A list of individual network ranges in CIDR format to use for Ceph's public network.
• cluster: A list of individual network ranges in CIDR format to use for Ceph's cluster network.
• ipFamily: Specifies the network stack Ceph daemons should listen on.
• dualStack: Specifies that Ceph daemon should listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 network stacks.
• connections: Settings for network connections using Ceph's msgr2 protocol
  • requireMsgr2: Whether to require communication over msgr2. If true, the msgr v1 port (6789) will be disabled and clients will be required to connect to the Ceph cluster with the v2 port (3300). Requires a kernel that supports msgr2 (kernel 5.11 or CentOS 8.4 or newer). Default is false.
  • encryption: Settings for encryption on the wire to Ceph daemons
    • enabled: Whether to encrypt the data in transit across the wire to prevent eavesdropping the data on the network. The default is false. When encryption is enabled, all communication between clients and Ceph daemons, or between Ceph daemons will be encrypted. When encryption is not enabled, clients still establish a strong initial authentication and data integrity is still validated with a crc check. IMPORTANT: Encryption requires the 5.11 kernel for the latest nbd and cephfs drivers. Alternatively for testing only, set "mounter: rbd-nbd" in the rbd storage class, or "mounter: fuse" in the cephfs storage class. The nbd and fuse drivers are not recommended in production since restarting the csi driver pod will disconnect the volumes. If this setting is enabled, CephFS volumes also require setting CSI_CEPHFS_KERNEL_MOUNT_OPTIONS to "ms_mode=secure" in operator.yaml.
  • compression:
    • enabled: Whether to compress the data in transit across the wire. The default is false. Requires Ceph Quincy (v17) or newer. Also see the kernel requirements above for encryption.

Ceph public and cluster networks¶

Ceph daemons can operate on up to two distinct networks: public, and cluster.

Ceph daemons always use the public network, which is the Kubernetes pod network by default. The public network is used for client communications with the Ceph cluster (reads/writes).

If specified, the cluster network is used to isolate internal Ceph replication traffic. This includes additional copies of data replicated between OSDs during client reads/writes. This also includes OSD data recovery (re-replication) when OSDs or nodes go offline. If the cluster network is unspecified, the public network is used for this traffic instead.

Some Rook network providers allow manually specifying the public and network interfaces that Ceph will use for data traffic. Use addressRanges to specify this. For example:

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  network:
    provider: host
    addressRanges:
      public:
        - "192.168.100.0/24"
        - "192.168.101.0/24"
      cluster:
        - "192.168.200.0/24"

This spec translates directly to Ceph's public_network and host_network configurations. Refer to Ceph networking documentation for more details.

The default, unspecified network provider cannot make use of these configurations.

Ceph public and cluster network configurations are allowed to change, but this should be done with great care. When updating underlying networks or Ceph network settings, Rook assumes that the current network configuration used by Ceph daemons will continue to operate as intended. Network changes are not applied to Ceph daemon pods (like OSDs and MDSes) until the pod is restarted. When making network changes, ensure that restarted pods will not lose connectivity to existing pods, and vice versa.

Host Networking¶

To use host networking, set provider: host.

To instruct Ceph to operate on specific host interfaces or networks, use addressRanges to select the network CIDRs Ceph will bind to on the host.

If the host networking setting is changed in a cluster where mons are already running, the existing mons will remain running with the same network settings with which they were created. To complete the conversion to or from host networking after you update this setting, you will need to failover the mons in order to have mons on the desired network configuration.

Multus¶

Rook supports using Multus NetworkAttachmentDefinitions for Ceph public and cluster networks.

Refer to Multus documentation for details about how to set up and select Multus networks.

Rook will attempt to auto-discover the network CIDRs for selected public and/or cluster networks. This process is not guaranteed to succeed. Furthermore, this process will get a new network lease for each CephCluster reconcile. Specify addressRanges manually if the auto-detection process fails or if the selected network configuration cannot automatically recycle released network leases.

Only OSD pods will have both public and cluster networks attached (if specified). The rest of the Ceph component pods and CSI pods will only have the public network attached. The Rook operator will not have any networks attached; it proxies Ceph commands via a sidecar container in the mgr pod.

A NetworkAttachmentDefinition must exist before it can be used by Multus for a Ceph network. A recommended definition will look like the following:

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apiVersion: "k8s.cni.cncf.io/v1"
kind: NetworkAttachmentDefinition
metadata:
  name: ceph-multus-net
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  config: '{
      "cniVersion": "0.3.0",
      "type": "macvlan",
      "master": "eth0",
      "mode": "bridge",
      "ipam": {
        "type": "whereabouts",
        "range": "192.168.200.0/24"
      }
    }'

• Ensure that master matches the network interface on hosts that you want to use. It must be the same across all hosts.
• CNI type macvlan is highly recommended. It has less CPU and memory overhead compared to traditional Linux bridge configurations.
• IPAM type whereabouts is recommended because it ensures each pod gets an IP address unique within the Kubernetes cluster. No DHCP server is required. If a DHCP server is present on the network, ensure the IP range does not overlap with the DHCP server's range.

NetworkAttachmentDefinitions are selected for the desired Ceph network using selectors. Selector values should include the namespace in which the NAD is present. public and cluster may be selected independently. If public is left unspecified, Rook will configure Ceph to use the Kubernetes pod network for Ceph client traffic.

Consider the example below which selects a hypothetical Kubernetes-wide Multus network in the default namespace for Ceph's public network and selects a Ceph-specific network in the rook-ceph namespace for Ceph's cluster network. The commented-out portion shows an example of how address ranges could be manually specified for the networks if needed.

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  network:
    provider: multus
    selectors:
      public: default/kube-multus-net
      cluster: rook-ceph/ceph-multus-net
    # addressRanges:
    #   public:
    #     - "192.168.100.0/24"
    #     - "192.168.101.0/24"
    #   cluster:
    #     - "192.168.200.0/24"

Validating Multus configuration¶

We highly recommend validating your Multus configuration before you install Rook. A tool exists to facilitate validating the Multus configuration. After installing the Rook operator and before installing any Custom Resources, run the tool from the operator pod.

The tool's CLI is designed to be as helpful as possible. Get help text for the multus validation tool like so:

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kubectl --namespace rook-ceph exec -it deploy/rook-ceph-operator -- rook multus validation run --help

Then, update the args in the multus-validation job template. Minimally, add the NAD names(s) for public and/or cluster as needed and and then, create the job to validate the Multus configuration.

If the tool fails, it will suggest what things may be preventing Multus networks from working properly, and it will request the logs and outputs that will help debug issues.

Check the logs of the pod created by the job to know the status of the validation test.

Known limitations with Multus¶

Daemons leveraging Kubernetes service IPs (Monitors, Managers, Rados Gateways) are not listening on the NAD specified in the selectors. Instead the daemon listens on the default network, however the NAD is attached to the container, allowing the daemon to communicate with the rest of the cluster. There is work in progress to fix this issue in the multus-service repository. At the time of writing it's unclear when this will be supported.

IPFamily¶

Provide single-stack IPv4 or IPv6 protocol to assign corresponding addresses to pods and services. This field is optional. Possible inputs are IPv6 and IPv4. Empty value will be treated as IPv4. Kubernetes version should be at least v1.13 to run IPv6. Dual-stack is supported as of ceph Pacific. To turn on dual stack see the network configuration section.

Node Settings¶

In addition to the cluster level settings specified above, each individual node can also specify configuration to override the cluster level settings and defaults. If a node does not specify any configuration then it will inherit the cluster level settings.

• name: The name of the node, which should match its kubernetes.io/hostname label.
• config: Config settings applied to all OSDs on the node unless overridden by devices. See the config settings below.
• storage selection settings

When useAllNodes is set to true, Rook attempts to make Ceph cluster management as hands-off as possible while still maintaining reasonable data safety. If a usable node comes online, Rook will begin to use it automatically. To maintain a balance between hands-off usability and data safety, Nodes are removed from Ceph as OSD hosts only (1) if the node is deleted from Kubernetes itself or (2) if the node has its taints or affinities modified in such a way that the node is no longer usable by Rook. Any changes to taints or affinities, intentional or unintentional, may affect the data reliability of the Ceph cluster. In order to help protect against this somewhat, deletion of nodes by taint or affinity modifications must be "confirmed" by deleting the Rook Ceph operator pod and allowing the operator deployment to restart the pod.

For production clusters, we recommend that useAllNodes is set to false to prevent the Ceph cluster from suffering reduced data reliability unintentionally due to a user mistake. When useAllNodes is set to false, Rook relies on the user to be explicit about when nodes are added to or removed from the Ceph cluster. Nodes are only added to the Ceph cluster if the node is added to the Ceph cluster resource. Similarly, nodes are only removed if the node is removed from the Ceph cluster resource.

Node Updates¶

Nodes can be added and removed over time by updating the Cluster CRD, for example with kubectl -n rook-ceph edit cephcluster rook-ceph. This will bring up your default text editor and allow you to add and remove storage nodes from the cluster. This feature is only available when useAllNodes has been set to false.

Storage Selection Settings¶

Below are the settings for host-based cluster. This type of cluster can specify devices for OSDs, both at the cluster and individual node level, for selecting which storage resources will be included in the cluster.

• useAllDevices: true or false, indicating whether all devices found on nodes in the cluster should be automatically consumed by OSDs. Not recommended unless you have a very controlled environment where you will not risk formatting of devices with existing data. When true, all devices and partitions will be used. Is overridden by deviceFilter if specified. LVM logical volumes are not picked by useAllDevices.
• deviceFilter: A regular expression for short kernel names of devices (e.g. sda) that allows selection of devices and partitions to be consumed by OSDs. LVM logical volumes are not picked by deviceFilter.If individual devices have been specified for a node then this filter will be ignored. This field uses golang regular expression syntax. For example:
  • sdb: Only selects the sdb device if found
  • ^sd.: Selects all devices starting with sd
  • ^sd[a-d]: Selects devices starting with sda, sdb, sdc, and sdd if found
  • ^s: Selects all devices that start with s
  • ^[^r]: Selects all devices that do not start with r
• devicePathFilter: A regular expression for device paths (e.g. /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0:1:2:3-scsi-1) that allows selection of devices and partitions to be consumed by OSDs. LVM logical volumes are not picked by devicePathFilter.If individual devices or deviceFilter have been specified for a node then this filter will be ignored. This field uses golang regular expression syntax. For example:
  • ^/dev/sd.: Selects all devices starting with sd
  • ^/dev/disk/by-path/pci-.*: Selects all devices which are connected to PCI bus
• devices: A list of individual device names belonging to this node to include in the storage cluster.
  • name: The name of the devices and partitions (e.g., sda). The full udev path can also be specified for devices, partitions, and logical volumes (e.g. /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST4000DM004-XXXX - this will not change after reboots).
  • config: Device-specific config settings. See the config settings below

Host-based cluster supports raw devices, partitions, logical volumes, encrypted devices, and multipath devices. Be sure to see the quickstart doc prerequisites for additional considerations.

Below are the settings for a PVC-based cluster.

• storageClassDeviceSets: Explained in Storage Class Device Sets

Storage Class Device Sets¶

The following are the settings for Storage Class Device Sets which can be configured to create OSDs that are backed by block mode PVs.

• name: A name for the set.
• count: The number of devices in the set.
• resources: The CPU and RAM requests/limits for the devices. (Optional)
• placement: The placement criteria for the devices. (Optional) Default is no placement criteria.

The syntax is the same as for other placement configuration. It supports nodeAffinity, podAffinity, podAntiAffinity and tolerations keys.

It is recommended to configure the placement such that the OSDs will be as evenly spread across nodes as possible. At a minimum, anti-affinity should be added so at least one OSD will be placed on each available nodes.

However, if there are more OSDs than nodes, this anti-affinity will not be effective. Another placement scheme to consider is to add labels to the nodes in such a way that the OSDs can be grouped on those nodes, create multiple storageClassDeviceSets, and add node affinity to each of the device sets that will place the OSDs in those sets of nodes.

Rook will automatically add required nodeAffinity to the OSD daemons to match the topology labels that are found on the nodes where the OSD prepare jobs ran. To ensure data durability, the OSDs are required to run in the same topology that the Ceph CRUSH map expects. For example, if the nodes are labeled with rack topology labels, the OSDs will be constrained to a certain rack. Without the topology labels, Rook will not constrain the OSDs beyond what is required by the PVs, for example to run in the zone where provisioned. See the OSD Topology section for the related labels.

• preparePlacement: The placement criteria for the preparation of the OSD devices. Creating OSDs is a two-step process and the prepare job may require different placement than the OSD daemons. If the preparePlacement is not specified, the placement will instead be applied for consistent placement for the OSD prepare jobs and OSD deployments. The preparePlacement is only useful for portable OSDs in the device sets. OSDs that are not portable will be tied to the host where the OSD prepare job initially runs.
  • For example, provisioning may require topology spread constraints across zones, but the OSD daemons may require constraints across hosts within the zones.
• portable: If true, the OSDs will be allowed to move between nodes during failover. This requires a storage class that supports portability (e.g. aws-ebs, but not the local storage provisioner). If false, the OSDs will be assigned to a node permanently. Rook will configure Ceph's CRUSH map to support the portability.
• tuneDeviceClass: For example, Ceph cannot detect AWS volumes as HDDs from the storage class "gp2", so you can improve Ceph performance by setting this to true.
• tuneFastDeviceClass: For example, Ceph cannot detect Azure disks as SSDs from the storage class "managed-premium", so you can improve Ceph performance by setting this to true..
• volumeClaimTemplates: A list of PVC templates to use for provisioning the underlying storage devices.

• metadata.name: "data", "metadata", or "wal". If a single template is provided, the name must be "data". If the name is "metadata" or "wal", the devices are used to store the Ceph metadata or WAL respectively. In both cases, the devices must be raw devices or LVM logical volumes.

  • resources.requests.storage: The desired capacity for the underlying storage devices.
  • storageClassName: The StorageClass to provision PVCs from. Default would be to use the cluster-default StorageClass.
  • volumeMode: The volume mode to be set for the PVC. Which should be Block
  • accessModes: The access mode for the PVC to be bound by OSD.
  • schedulerName: Scheduler name for OSD pod placement. (Optional)
  • encrypted: whether to encrypt all the OSDs in a given storageClassDeviceSet

See the table in OSD Configuration Settings to know the allowed configurations.

OSD Configuration Settings¶

The following storage selection settings are specific to Ceph and do not apply to other backends. All variables are key-value pairs represented as strings.

• metadataDevice: Name of a device or lvm to use for the metadata of OSDs on each node. Performance can be improved by using a low latency device (such as SSD or NVMe) as the metadata device, while other spinning platter (HDD) devices on a node are used to store data. Provisioning will fail if the user specifies a metadataDevice but that device is not used as a metadata device by Ceph. Notably, ceph-volume will not use a device of the same device class (HDD, SSD, NVMe) as OSD devices for metadata, resulting in this failure.
• databaseSizeMB: The size in MB of a bluestore database. Include quotes around the size.
• walSizeMB: The size in MB of a bluestore write ahead log (WAL). Include quotes around the size.
• deviceClass: The CRUSH device class to use for this selection of storage devices. (By default, if a device's class has not already been set, OSDs will automatically set a device's class to either hdd, ssd, or nvme based on the hardware properties exposed by the Linux kernel.) These storage classes can then be used to select the devices backing a storage pool by specifying them as the value of the pool spec's deviceClass field.
• initialWeight: The initial OSD weight in TiB units. By default, this value is derived from OSD's capacity.
• primaryAffinity: The primary-affinity value of an OSD, within range [0, 1] (default: 1).
• osdsPerDevice**: The number of OSDs to create on each device. High performance devices such as NVMe can handle running multiple OSDs. If desired, this can be overridden for each node and each device.
• encryptedDevice**: Encrypt OSD volumes using dmcrypt ("true" or "false"). By default this option is disabled. See encryption for more information on encryption in Ceph.
• crushRoot: The value of the root CRUSH map label. The default is default. Generally, you should not need to change this. However, if any of your topology labels may have the value default, you need to change crushRoot to avoid conflicts, since CRUSH map values need to be unique.

Allowed configurations are:

Annotations and Labels¶

Annotations and Labels can be specified so that the Rook components will have those annotations / labels added to them.

You can set annotations / labels for Rook components for the list of key value pairs:

• all: Set annotations / labels for all components except clusterMetadata.
• mgr: Set annotations / labels for MGRs
• mon: Set annotations / labels for mons
• osd: Set annotations / labels for OSDs
• prepareosd: Set annotations / labels for OSD Prepare Jobs
• monitoring: Set annotations / labels for service monitor
• crashcollector: Set annotations / labels for crash collectors
• clusterMetadata: Set annotations only to rook-ceph-mon-endpoints configmap and the rook-ceph-mon and rook-ceph-admin-keyring secrets. These annotations will not be merged with the all annotations. The common usage is for backing up these critical resources with kubed. Note the clusterMetadata annotation will not be merged with the all annotation. When other keys are set, all will be merged together with the specific component.

Placement Configuration Settings¶

Placement configuration for the cluster services. It includes the following keys: mgr, mon, arbiter, osd, prepareosd, cleanup, and all. Each service will have its placement configuration generated by merging the generic configuration under all with the most specific one (which will override any attributes).

In stretch clusters, if the arbiter placement is specified, that placement will only be applied to the arbiter. Neither will the arbiter placement be merged with the all placement to allow the arbiter to be fully independent of other daemon placement. The remaining mons will still use the mon and/or all sections.

A Placement configuration is specified (according to the kubernetes PodSpec) as:

• nodeAffinity: kubernetes NodeAffinity
• podAffinity: kubernetes PodAffinity
• podAntiAffinity: kubernetes PodAntiAffinity
• tolerations: list of kubernetes Toleration
• topologySpreadConstraints: kubernetes TopologySpreadConstraints

If you use labelSelector for osd pods, you must write two rules both for rook-ceph-osd and rook-ceph-osd-prepare like the example configuration. It comes from the design that there are these two pods for an OSD. For more detail, see the osd design doc and the related issue.

The Rook Ceph operator creates a Job called rook-ceph-detect-version to detect the full Ceph version used by the given cephVersion.image. The placement from the mon section is used for the Job except for the PodAntiAffinity field.

Placement Example¶

To control where various services will be scheduled by kubernetes, use the placement configuration sections below. The example under 'all' would have all services scheduled on kubernetes nodes labeled with 'role=storage-node. Specific node affinity and tolerations that only apply to themondaemons in this example require the labelrole=storage-mon-node` and also tolerate the control plane taint.

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apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: quay.io/ceph/ceph:v17.2.6
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: false
  # enable the ceph dashboard for viewing cluster status
  dashboard:
    enabled: true
  placement:
    all:
      nodeAffinity:
        requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          nodeSelectorTerms:
          - matchExpressions:
            - key: role
              operator: In
              values:
              - storage-node
    mon:
      nodeAffinity:
        requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          nodeSelectorTerms:
          - matchExpressions:
            - key: role
              operator: In
              values:
              - storage-mon-node
      tolerations:
      - effect: NoSchedule
        key: node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane
        operator: Exists

Cluster-wide Resources Configuration Settings¶

Resources should be specified so that the Rook components are handled after Kubernetes Pod Quality of Service classes. This allows to keep Rook components running when for example a node runs out of memory and the Rook components are not killed depending on their Quality of Service class.

You can set resource requests/limits for Rook components through the Resource Requirements/Limits structure in the following keys:

• mon: Set resource requests/limits for mons
• osd: Set resource requests/limits for OSDs. This key applies for all OSDs regardless of their device classes. In case of need to apply resource requests/limits for OSDs with particular device class use specific osd keys below. If the memory resource is declared Rook will automatically set the OSD configuration osd_memory_target to the same value. This aims to ensure that the actual OSD memory consumption is consistent with the OSD pods' resource declaration.
• osd-<deviceClass>: Set resource requests/limits for OSDs on a specific device class. Rook will automatically detect hdd, ssd, or nvme device classes. Custom device classes can also be set.
• mgr: Set resource requests/limits for MGRs
• mgr-sidecar: Set resource requests/limits for the MGR sidecar, which is only created when mgr.count: 2. The sidecar requires very few resources since it only executes every 15 seconds to query Ceph for the active mgr and update the mgr services if the active mgr changed.
• prepareosd: Set resource requests/limits for OSD prepare job
• crashcollector: Set resource requests/limits for crash. This pod runs wherever there is a Ceph pod running. It scrapes for Ceph daemon core dumps and sends them to the Ceph manager crash module so that core dumps are centralized and can be easily listed/accessed. You can read more about the Ceph Crash module.
• logcollector: Set resource requests/limits for the log collector. When enabled, this container runs as side-car to each Ceph daemons.
• cleanup: Set resource requests/limits for cleanup job, responsible for wiping cluster's data after uninstall
• exporter: Set resource requests/limits for Ceph exporter.

In order to provide the best possible experience running Ceph in containers, Rook internally recommends minimum memory limits if resource limits are passed. If a user configures a limit or request value that is too low, Rook will still run the pod(s) and print a warning to the operator log.

• mon: 1024MB
• mgr: 512MB
• osd: 2048MB
• crashcollector: 60MB
• mgr-sidecar: 100MB limit, 40MB requests
• prepareosd: no limits (see the note)
• exporter: 128MB limit, 50MB requests

Resource Requirements/Limits¶

For more information on resource requests/limits see the official Kubernetes documentation: Kubernetes - Managing Compute Resources for Containers

• requests: Requests for cpu or memory.
  • cpu: Request for CPU (example: one CPU core 1, 50% of one CPU core 500m).
  • memory: Limit for Memory (example: one gigabyte of memory 1Gi, half a gigabyte of memory 512Mi).
• limits: Limits for cpu or memory.
  • cpu: Limit for CPU (example: one CPU core 1, 50% of one CPU core 500m).
  • memory: Limit for Memory (example: one gigabyte of memory 1Gi, half a gigabyte of memory 512Mi).

Node Specific Resources for OSDs¶

This example shows that you can override these requests/limits for OSDs per node when using useAllNodes: false in the node item in the nodes list.

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apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephCluster
metadata:
  name: rook-ceph
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  cephVersion:
    image: quay.io/ceph/ceph:v17.2.6
  dataDirHostPath: /var/lib/rook
  mon:
    count: 3
    allowMultiplePerNode: false
  storage:
    useAllNodes: false
    nodes:
    - name: "172.17.4.201"
      resources:
        limits:
          cpu: "2"
          memory: "4096Mi"
        requests:
          cpu: "2"
          memory: "4096Mi"

Priority Class Names¶

Priority class names can be specified so that the Rook components will have those priority class names added to them.

You can set priority class names for Rook components for the list of key value pairs:

• all: Set priority class names for MGRs, Mons, OSDs, and crashcollectors.
• mgr: Set priority class names for MGRs. Examples default to system-cluster-critical.
• mon: Set priority class names for Mons. Examples default to system-node-critical.
• osd: Set priority class names for OSDs. Examples default to system-node-critical.
• crashcollector: Set priority class names for crashcollectors.

The specific component keys will act as overrides to all.

Health settings¶

The Rook Ceph operator will monitor the state of the CephCluster on various components by default. The following CRD settings are available:

• healthCheck: main ceph cluster health monitoring section

Currently three health checks are implemented:

• mon: health check on the ceph monitors, basically check whether monitors are members of the quorum. If after a certain timeout a given monitor has not joined the quorum back it will be failed over and replace by a new monitor.
• osd: health check on the ceph osds
• status: ceph health status check, periodically check the Ceph health state and reflects it in the CephCluster CR status field.

The liveness probe and startup probe of each daemon can also be controlled via livenessProbe and startupProbe respectively. The settings are valid for mon, mgr and osd. Here is a complete example for both daemonHealth, livenessProbe, and startupProbe:

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healthCheck:
  daemonHealth:
    mon:
      disabled: false
      interval: 45s
      timeout: 600s
    osd:
      disabled: false
      interval: 60s
    status:
      disabled: false
  livenessProbe:
    mon:
      disabled: false
    mgr:
      disabled: false
    osd:
      disabled: false
  startupProbe:
    mon:
      disabled: false
    mgr:
      disabled: false
    osd:
      disabled: false

The probe's timing values and thresholds (but not the probe itself) can also be overridden. For more info, refer to the Kubernetes documentation.

For example, you could change the mgr probe by applying:

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healthCheck:
  startupProbe:
    mgr:
      disabled: false
      probe:
        initialDelaySeconds: 3
        periodSeconds: 3
        failureThreshold: 30
  livenessProbe:
    mgr:
      disabled: false
      probe:
        initialDelaySeconds: 3
        periodSeconds: 3

Changing the liveness probe is an advanced operation and should rarely be necessary. If you want to change these settings then modify the desired settings.

Status¶

The operator is regularly configuring and checking the health of the cluster. The results of the configuration and health checks can be seen in the status section of the CephCluster CR.

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kubectl -n rook-ceph get CephCluster -o yaml

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[...]
  status:
    ceph:
      health: HEALTH_OK
      lastChecked: "2021-03-02T21:22:11Z"
      capacity:
        bytesAvailable: 22530293760
        bytesTotal: 25757220864
        bytesUsed: 3226927104
        lastUpdated: "2021-03-02T21:22:11Z"
    message: Cluster created successfully
    phase: Ready
    state: Created
    storage:
      deviceClasses:
      - name: hdd
    version:
      image: quay.io/ceph/ceph:v17.2.6
      version: 16.2.6-0
    conditions:
    - lastHeartbeatTime: "2021-03-02T21:22:11Z"
      lastTransitionTime: "2021-03-02T21:21:09Z"
      message: Cluster created successfully
      reason: ClusterCreated
      status: "True"
      type: Ready

Ceph Status¶

Ceph is constantly monitoring the health of the data plane and reporting back if there are any warnings or errors. If everything is healthy from Ceph's perspective, you will see HEALTH_OK.

If Ceph reports any warnings or errors, the details will be printed to the status. If further troubleshooting is needed to resolve these issues, the toolbox will likely be needed where you can run ceph commands to find more details.

The capacity of the cluster is reported, including bytes available, total, and used. The available space will be less that you may expect due to overhead in the OSDs.

Conditions¶

The conditions represent the status of the Rook operator.

• If the cluster is fully configured and the operator is stable, the Ready condition is raised with ClusterCreated reason and no other conditions. The cluster will remain in the Ready condition after the first successful configuration since it is expected the storage is consumable from this point on. If there are issues preventing the storage layer from working, they are expected to show as Ceph health errors.
• If the cluster is externally connected successfully, the Ready condition will have the reason ClusterConnected.
• If the operator is currently being configured or the operator is checking for update, there will be a Progressing condition.
• If there was a failure, the condition(s) status will be false and the message will give a summary of the error. See the operator log for more details.

Other Status¶

There are several other properties for the overall status including:

• message, phase, and state: A summary of the overall current state of the cluster, which is somewhat duplicated from the conditions for backward compatibility.
• storage.deviceClasses: The names of the types of storage devices that Ceph discovered in the cluster. These types will be ssd or hdd unless they have been overridden with the crushDeviceClass in the storageClassDeviceSets.
• version: The version of the Ceph image currently deployed.

OSD Topology¶

The topology of the cluster is important in production environments where you want your data spread across failure domains. The topology can be controlled by adding labels to the nodes. When the labels are found on a node at first OSD deployment, Rook will add them to the desired level in the CRUSH map.

The complete list of labels in hierarchy order from highest to lowest is:

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topology.kubernetes.io/region
topology.kubernetes.io/zone
topology.rook.io/datacenter
topology.rook.io/room
topology.rook.io/pod
topology.rook.io/pdu
topology.rook.io/row
topology.rook.io/rack
topology.rook.io/chassis

For example, if the following labels were added to a node:

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kubectl label node mynode topology.kubernetes.io/zone=zone1
kubectl label node mynode topology.rook.io/rack=zone1-rack1

These labels would result in the following hierarchy for OSDs on that node (this command can be run in the Rook toolbox):

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$ ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME                 STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF
-1       0.01358 root default
-5       0.01358     zone zone1
-4       0.01358         rack rack1
-3       0.01358             host mynode
0   hdd 0.00679                 osd.0         up  1.00000 1.00000
1   hdd 0.00679                 osd.1         up  1.00000 1.00000

Ceph requires unique names at every level in the hierarchy (CRUSH map). For example, you cannot have two racks with the same name that are in different zones. Racks in different zones must be named uniquely.

Note that the host is added automatically to the hierarchy by Rook. The host cannot be specified with a topology label. All topology labels are optional.

To utilize the failureDomain based on the node labels, specify the corresponding option in the CephBlockPool

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apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1
kind: CephBlockPool
metadata:
  name: replicapool
  namespace: rook-ceph
spec:
  failureDomain: rack  # this matches the topology labels on nodes
  replicated:
    size: 3

This configuration will split the replication of volumes across unique racks in the data center setup.

Deleting a CephCluster¶

During deletion of a CephCluster resource, Rook protects against accidental or premature destruction of user data by blocking deletion if there are any other Rook Ceph Custom Resources that reference the CephCluster being deleted. Rook will warn about which other resources are blocking deletion in three ways until all blocking resources are deleted:

1. An event will be registered on the CephCluster resource
2. A status condition will be added to the CephCluster resource
3. An error will be added to the Rook Ceph operator log

Cleanup policy¶

Rook has the ability to cleanup resources and data that were deployed when a CephCluster is removed. The policy settings indicate which data should be forcibly deleted and in what way the data should be wiped. The cleanupPolicy has several fields:

• confirmation: Only an empty string and yes-really-destroy-data are valid values for this field. If this setting is empty, the cleanupPolicy settings will be ignored and Rook will not cleanup any resources during cluster removal. To reinstall the cluster, the admin would then be required to follow the cleanup guide to delete the data on hosts. If this setting is yes-really-destroy-data, the operator will automatically delete the data on hosts. Because this cleanup policy is destructive, after the confirmation is set to yes-really-destroy-data Rook will stop configuring the cluster as if the cluster is about to be destroyed.
• sanitizeDisks: sanitizeDisks represents advanced settings that can be used to delete data on drives.
  • method: indicates if the entire disk should be sanitized or simply ceph's metadata. Possible choices are quick (default) or complete
  • dataSource: indicate where to get random bytes from to write on the disk. Possible choices are zero (default) or random. Using random sources will consume entropy from the system and will take much more time then the zero source
  • iteration: overwrite N times instead of the default (1). Takes an integer value
• allowUninstallWithVolumes: If set to true, then the cephCluster deletion doesn't wait for the PVCs to be deleted. Default is false.

To automate activation of the cleanup, you can use the following command. WARNING: DATA WILL BE PERMANENTLY DELETED:

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kubectl -n rook-ceph patch cephcluster rook-ceph --type merge -p '{"spec":{"cleanupPolicy":{"confirmation":"yes-really-destroy-data"}}}'

Nothing will happen until the deletion of the CR is requested, so this can still be reverted. However, all new configuration by the operator will be blocked with this cleanup policy enabled.

Rook waits for the deletion of PVs provisioned using the cephCluster before proceeding to delete the cephCluster. To force deletion of the cephCluster without waiting for the PVs to be deleted, you can set the allowUninstallWithVolumes to true under spec.CleanupPolicy.